WASTEWATER & EFFLUENT TREATMENT CHEMICALS
Express Drainage Solutions Kenya Limited understands the complex chemical requirements of industrial wastewater treatment and has technical resources dedicated to support the needs of our customers operating in this area. We are committed to innovation in the solutions and technology we supply, and to providing the highest level of service to our customers. To support this ethos we have a broad range of chemistry solutions designed specifically for use in wastewater treatment.
pH adjustment
pH adjustment may be required for a number of reasons:
- To directly precipitate out chemicals otherwise present as more soluble salts
- To increase the efficacy of any coagulants used
- To enable discharge limits to be met
- To maximise the concentration of the most efficient chlorine containing species for disinfection (e.g. hypochlorous acid vs hypochlorite)
The most commonly used chemicals for pH adjustment in effluent plants are lime, sodium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate.
Coagulants
Many of the solid particles in water are as suspended solids (a colloid). They are very small electrically charged particles which repel each other and will not settle out of suspension by gravity alone in a reasonable timeframe; hence the need for chemical treatment. This typically results in the removal of 80-90% of suspended solids by chemical precipitation.
Coagulants act by neutralising the charge which enables the particles to come together forming slightly larger particles or microflocs.
Traditional coagulants were inorganic compounds, and can have advantages over the inorganic coagulants in that the produced sludge volume is often less, sludge disposal costs can be lower and they are less pH dependent.
Flocculants
The addition of flocculants brings the microflocs into contact resulting in their bonding and formation of flocs which are large enough for them to be separated out from the waste water. The flocculants are organic polymers (generally polyacrylamide) with varying charge densities and molecular weights. They act by forming a “bridge” between the microflocs. Mixing which should be gentle is critical to the performance of the flocculant and is generally done by mechanical or air agitation; overmixing can lead to the breakdown of the flocs.
Express Drainage Solutions Kenya Limited can supply flocculants in different forms including powders and emulsions in a variety of different molecular weights and charge densities.
Antifoam agents
Antifoam agents are often used in both sewage treatment plants as well as in other industrial wastewater treatment applications. Express Drainage Solutions Kenya Limited have a variety of antifoam formulations, both organic and inorganic.
Odour Control
Odours are not infrequently generated in effluent plants and may be particularly associated with the sludge which contains higher concentrations of odorous chemicals. Express Drainage Solutions Kenya Limited have a number of products which are able to neutralise many odours such as those associated with hydrogen sulphide, ethylamines, butylamines, mercaptans, fatty acids and ammonia.
Oxidation (Disinfection)
Express Drainage Solutions Kenya Limited have a number of oxidizing biocide products which can be used in disinfection applications.
Specialist Products
Express Drainage Solutions Kenya Limited have a number of products which can be used in more specialised applications, for example, products for the removal of specific chemical moieties to meet discharge standards. As biological treatment can also form part of the process in effluent plants B we can supply products containing bacteria selected for their efficacy in waste water treatment. We also have a range of products which provide the nutrients required (nitrogen/phosphorus) for the bacteria to thrive.
- Antifoams and defoamers
Antifoams and defoamers do exactly what the name suggests – i.e they reduce or eliminate foam. If left, the foam is not only unsightly but also leads to lower process efficiencies.
Foam can be generated in many systems including, boilers, cooling towers and effluent treatment plants. It often arises from the use of surface active chemicals in the water system which stabilise bubbles within the water leading to the formation of foam. The antifoam agents displace these surface active chemicals which leads to the bubbles breaking and hence the reduction of the foam.
Antifoam agents are typically either silicone or hydrocarbon based. We can supply products based on either. The optimum product choice will be determined by the application.
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